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A heavy, silvery d-block element, mercury is the only metallic element that is known to be liquid at standard temperature and pressure; [a] the only other element that is liquid under these conditions is the halogen bromine, though metals such as caesium, gallium, and rubidium melt just above room temperature. [b]
Zinc amalgam finds use in organic synthesis (e.g., for the Clemmensen reduction). [3] It is the reducing agent in the Jones reductor, used in analytical chemistry.Formerly the zinc plates of dry batteries were amalgamated with a small amount of mercury to prevent deterioration in storage.
The elements of group 12 have an oxidation state of +2 in which the ions have the rather stable d 10 electronic configuration, with a full sub-shell. However, mercury can easily be reduced to the +1 oxidation state; usually, as in the ion Hg 2+ 2, two mercury(I) ions come together to form a metal-metal bond and a diamagnetic species. [24]
Organomercury compounds contain at least one carbon bonded to a mercury atom, shown here. Organomercury chemistry refers to the study of organometallic compounds that contain mercury . Many organomercury compounds are highly toxic, but some are used in medicine, e.g., merbromin ("Mercurochrome") and the vaccine preservative thiomersal .
Normally closed mercury relay, with coil around top of tube and adjustable angle. A mercury relay (mercury displacement relay, mercury contactor) is a relay that uses mercury as the switching element. They are used as high-current switches or contactors, where contact erosion from constant cycling would be a problem for conventional relay contacts.
Pages in category "Mercury (element)" The following 42 pages are in this category, out of 42 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
formation of dangerous mercury-containing waste; high energy consumption [8] The technology has potentially disastrous environmental implications. A significant amount of mercury is required (24 million pounds were used in the U.S. between 1955 and 1963) and many opportunities for leaks into the environment exist.
The mercury oxide-zinc battery system was known since the 19th century, [3] but did not become widely used until 1942, when Samuel Ruben developed a balanced mercury cell which was useful for military applications such as metal detectors, munitions, and walkie-talkies.