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GBE translates the thickness of different road layers to a number using a set of coefficients. So, to calculate the GBE, the depth of each layer should be multiplied by the granular equivalency factor for the material in that layer. In the next step the sum of the converted layer thicknesses is calculated. [2]
B Poor: <50% ground cover; Fair: 50-75% ground cover; Good: >75% ground cover. C Actual curve number is less than 30; use CN = 30 for runoff computation. D CN's shown were computed for areas with 50% woods and 50% grass (pasture) cover. Other combinations of conditions may be computed from the CN's for woods and pasture.
The coverage increases with rising urbanization. In rural areas, impervious cover may only be one or two percent. In residential areas, coverage increases from about 10 percent in low-density subdivisions to over 50 percent in multifamily communities. In industrial and commercial areas, coverage rises above 70 percent.
For example, GW-GM corresponds to "well-graded gravel with silt." If the soil has more than 15% by weight retained on a #4 sieve (R #4 > 15%), there is a significant amount of gravel, and the suffix "with gravel" may be added to the group name, but the group symbol does not change. For example, SP-SM could refer to "poorly graded SAND with silt ...
A poorly-graded soil is a soil that does not have a good representation of all sizes of particles from the no. 4 to no. 200 sieve. A poorly-graded gravel is classified as GP, while a poorly-graded sand is classified as SP. Poorly-graded soils are more susceptible to soil liquefaction than well-graded soils. [1]
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Original diagram of Shields, 1936. The Shields formula is a formula for the stability calculation of granular material (sand, gravel) in running water.. The stability of granular material in flow can be determined by the Shields formula or the Izbash formula.
In California, this coverage is offered through the California Earthquake Authority. Sinkhole coverage: Sinkholes occur in many regions of the U.S. but are not covered by a standard homeowners policy.