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In statistics, a k-th percentile, also known as percentile score or centile, is a score below which a given percentage k of scores in its frequency distribution falls ("exclusive" definition) or a score at or below which a given percentage falls ("inclusive" definition); i.e. a score in the k-th percentile would be above approximately k% of all scores in its set.
The notation [,) is used to indicate an interval from a to c that is inclusive of —but exclusive of . That is, [ 5 , 12 ) {\displaystyle [5,12)} would be the set of all real numbers between 5 and 12, including 5 but not 12.
The competition consists of 15 questions of increasing difficulty, where each answer is an integer between 0 and 999 inclusive. Thus the competition effectively removes the element of chance afforded by a multiple-choice test while preserving the ease of automated grading; answers are entered onto an OMR sheet, similar to the way grid-in math questions are answered on the SAT.
For example, if two fair six-sided dice are thrown to generate two uniformly distributed integers, and , each in the range from 1 to 6, inclusive, the 36 possible ordered pairs of outcomes (,) constitute a sample space of equally likely events. In this case, the above formula applies, such as calculating the probability of a particular sum of ...
Prefix sums are trivial to compute in sequential models of computation, by using the formula y i = y i − 1 + x i to compute each output value in sequence order. However, despite their ease of computation, prefix sums are a useful primitive in certain algorithms such as counting sort, [1] [2] and they form the basis of the scan higher-order function in functional programming languages.
Exclusive or, exclusive disjunction, exclusive alternation, logical non-equivalence, or logical inequality is a logical operator whose negation is the logical biconditional. With two inputs, XOR is true if and only if the inputs differ (one is true, one is false). With multiple inputs, XOR is true if and only if the number of true inputs is odd ...
Exclusive right to sell is different from a similar-sounding term, exclusive agency. With the exclusive right to sell, the agent and their brokerage make a commission no matter who finds the buyer.
In logic, two propositions and are mutually exclusive if it is not logically possible for them to be true at the same time; that is, () is a tautology. To say that more than two propositions are mutually exclusive, depending on the context, means either 1. "() () is a tautology" (it is not logically possible for more than one proposition to be true) or 2. "() is a tautology" (it is not ...