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Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2) concentrations from 1958 to 2023. The Keeling Curve is a graph of the annual variation and overall accumulation of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere based on continuous measurements taken at the Mauna Loa Observatory on the island of Hawaii from 1958 to the present day.
Carbon dioxide observations from 2008 to 2017 showing the seasonal variations and the difference between northern and southern hemispheres. The concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are expressed as parts per million by volume (abbreviated as ppmv, or ppm(v), or just ppm).
John Tyndall was the first to measure the infrared absorption and emission of various gases and vapors. From 1859 onwards, he showed that the effect was due to a very small proportion of the atmosphere, with the main gases having no effect, and was largely due to water vapor, though small percentages of hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide had a ...
Charles David Keeling (April 20, 1928 – June 20, 2005) [1] [2] was an American scientist whose recording of carbon dioxide at the Mauna Loa Observatory [3] confirmed Svante Arrhenius's proposition (1896) of the possibility of anthropogenic contribution to the greenhouse effect and global warming, by documenting the steadily rising carbon dioxide levels.
Atmospheric CO 2 concentration measured at Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii from 1958 to 2023 ... Carbon dioxide was the first gas to be described as a discrete substance.
There are a variety of active and planned instruments for measuring carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere from space. The first satellite mission designed to measure CO 2 was the Interferometric Monitor for Greenhouse Gases (IMG) on board the ADEOS I satellite in 1996. This mission lasted less than a year.
Concentrations in ppm of the major greenhouse gases between 1978 and 2010. Greenhouse gas monitoring is the direct measurement of greenhouse gas emissions and levels. There are several different methods of measuring carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere, including infrared analyzing and manometry.
Ralph Franklin Keeling (born 1957 [1]) is a professor at Scripps Institution of Oceanography.He is the Principal Investigator for the Atmospheric Oxygen Research Group at Scripps and is the director of the Scripps CO 2 Program, [2] the measurement program behind the Keeling curve, which was started by his father Charles David Keeling in 1958.