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  2. Þorbjörn (mountain) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Þorbjörn_(mountain)

    It also built up a meltwater lake that Pedersen et al. define as “a pillow-dominated flat-topped tuya without a lava cap”. [7] H. Björnsson explains that though the mountain is crossed by many faults and a graben, so that it looks like a complex formation, its origin is in a single eruption. [6]

  3. 'High threat' supervolcano could bring about an ice age when ...

    www.aol.com/news/2017-03-30-high-threat-super...

    A long-quiet yet massive super volcano, dubbed the "Long Valley Caldera," has the potential to unleash a fiery hell across the planet, and the magma-filled mountain has a history of doing so.

  4. Esja - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esja

    Esja was built up at the end of the Pleistocene with the beginning of the Ice Age. During the warm periods lava flowed, and in the cold periods ridges of tuff were built up under the glacier. The western part of the mountain range is the oldest (about 3.2 million years) and the eastern part is the youngest (about 1.8 million years).

  5. Subglacial volcano - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subglacial_volcano

    Water vapor cloud; 2). Lake; 3). Ice; 4). Layers of lava and ash; 5). Stratum; 6). Pillow lava; 7). Magma conduit; 8). Magma chamber; 9). Dike. A subglacial volcano, also known as a glaciovolcano, is a volcanic form produced by subglacial eruptions or eruptions beneath the surface of a glacier or ice sheet which is then melted into a lake by ...

  6. Mesa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesa

    Table Mountain – Flat-topped mountain overlooking the city of Cape Town, South Africa; Tepui – Table-top mountain or mesa in the Guiana Highlands of South America; Tundra – Biome where plant growth is hindered by frigid temperatures; Tuya – Flat-topped, steep-sided volcano formed when lava erupts through a thick glacier or ice sheet

  7. Eyjafjallajökull - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyjafjallajökull

    The word jökull [ˈjœːkʏtl̥], meaning glacier or ice cap, is a cognate with the Middle English word ikil surviving in the -icle of English icicle. The name Eyjafjöll is made up of the words eyja [ˈeiːja] (genitive plural of ey , meaning eyot or island ), and the plural word fjöll [ˈfjœtl̥] , meaning fells or mountains , and together ...

  8. Cryovolcano - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryovolcano

    Leviathan Patera (center) and Ruach Planitia (upper left), two large cryovolcanic features on Neptune's moon Triton. A cryovolcano (sometimes informally referred to as an ice volcano) is a type of volcano that erupts gases and volatile material such as liquid water, ammonia, and hydrocarbons.

  9. Subglacial eruption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subglacial_eruption

    Subglacial eruptions, those of ice-covered volcanoes, result in the interaction of magma with ice and snow, leading to meltwater formation, jökulhlaups, and lahars. Flooding associated with meltwater is a significant hazard in some volcanic areas, including Iceland, Alaska, and parts of the Andes.