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A ghazi (Arabic: غازي, Arabic pronunciation:, plural ġuzāt) is an individual who participated in ghazw (غزو, ġazw), meaning military expeditions or raids.The latter term was applied in early Islamic literature to expeditions led by the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and later taken up by Turkic military leaders to describe their wars of conquest.
Some scholars have argued that Osman's original name was Turkish, probably Atman or Ataman, and was only later changed to ʿOsmān, of Arabic origin.The earliest Byzantine sources, including Osman's contemporary and Greek historian George Pachymeres, spell his name as Ἀτουμάν (Atouman) or Ἀτμάν (Atman), whereas Greek sources regularly render both the Arabic form ʿUthmān and the ...
Such a warrior was known in Ottoman Turkish as a ghazi, and thus this thesis sees the early Ottoman state as a "Ghazi State," defined by an ideology of holy war. The Ghaza Thesis dominated early Ottoman historiography throughout much of the twentieth century before coming under increasing criticism beginning in the 1980s. [2]
The supply of Ottoman forces operating in Moldavia and Wallachia was a major challenge that required well organized logistics. An army of 60,000 soldiers and 40,000 horses required a half-million kilograms of food per day. The Ottoman forces fared better than the Russians, but the expenses crippled both national treasuries.
Ertuğrul or Ertuğrul Ghazi [b] (died c. 1280/1281) [8] was a 13th-century uch bey (marcher-lord), who was the father of Osman I. [9] Little is known about Ertuğrul's life. According to Ottoman tradition, he was the son of Suleyman Shah, the leader of the Kayı tribe (a claim which has come under criticism from many historians) [c] of the Oghuz Turks (known as Turkomans by then).
According to later, often unreliable Ottoman tradition, Osman was a descendant of the Kayı tribe of the Oghuz Turks. [2] The eponymous Ottoman dynasty he founded endured for six centuries through the reigns of 36 sultans. The Ottoman Empire disappeared as a result of the defeat of the Central Powers, with whom it had allied itself during World ...
Turgut Bey (Ottoman Turkish: طورغود آلپ) was one of the warriors and Bey's who fought for Ertuğrul, a Turkoman leader and bey, and Ertuğrul's son Osman I, the founder of the Ottoman Empire. [3] [1] After the establishment of the Empire, he became one of its military commanders, serving Osman I, as well as his son, Orhan Gazi. [4]
The Ottoman army was the military structure established by Mehmed II (r. 1451–1481 ) during his reorganization of the Ottoman state and its military. It resulted from a major reorganization of the standing army dating from the time of Sultan Orhan ( r.