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In placental mammals, the umbilical cord (also called the navel string, [1] birth cord or funiculus umbilicalis) is a conduit between the developing embryo or fetus and the placenta. During prenatal development , the umbilical cord is physiologically and genetically part of the fetus and (in humans) normally contains two arteries (the umbilical ...
A funiculus or column is a small bundle of axons (nerve fibres), enclosed by the perineurium. In the central nervous system, a funiculus is one of the paired white matter regions of the spinal cord: the anterior funiculus, the lateral funiculus, and the posterior funiculus. In the fourth ventricle, the funiculus separans is a strip of ependyma.
In humans, the circulatory system is different before and after birth. The fetal circulation is composed of the placenta, umbilical blood vessels encapsulated by the umbilical cord, heart and systemic blood vessels.
Wharton's jelly (substantia gelatinea funiculi umbilicalis) is a gelatinous substance within the umbilical cord, [1] largely made up of mucopolysaccharides (hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate). It acts as a mucous connective tissue containing some fibroblasts and macrophages, and is derived from extra-embryonic mesoderm of the connecting ...
Occasionally, during pregnancy, there is a single umbilical artery (SUA) present in the umbilical cord, as opposed to the usual two. [1] This is sometimes also called a two-vessel umbilical cord, or two-vessel cord.
A funiculus is a small bundle of axons (nerve fibres), enclosed by the perineurium. A small nerve may consist of a single funiculus, but a larger nerve will have several funiculi collected together into larger bundles known as fascicles. Fascicles are bound together in a common membrane, the epineurium. [1] [2]
Since the lungs now require a significant amount of blood flow, the vessels going to and from the lungs undergo dilation. While the pulmonary artery and pulmonary veins are dilating, the umbilical artery and umbilical vein are severed at the cutting of the umbilical cord, or the funiculus umbilicalis. This combination results in a reversal of ...
In human anatomy, the median umbilical ligament is an unpaired midline ligamentous structure upon the lower inner surface of the anterior abdominal wall. [1] It is covered by the median umbilical fold.