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Sound localization is a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound in direction and distance. The sound localization mechanisms of the mammalian auditory system have been extensively studied. The auditory system uses several cues for sound source localization, including time difference and level difference (or ...
Flowchart of sound passage - middle ear. The middle ear plays a crucial role in the auditory process, as it essentially converts pressure variations in air to perturbations in the fluids of the inner ear. In other words, it is the mechanical transfer function that allows for efficient transfer of collected sound energy between two different ...
Tonotopy in the auditory system begins at the cochlea, the small snail-like structure in the inner ear that sends information about sound to the brain. Different regions of the basilar membrane in the organ of Corti , the sound-sensitive portion of the cochlea, vibrate at different sinusoidal frequencies due to variations in thickness and width ...
(sound source: 100 ms white noise from 90° azimuth, 0° elevation) The interaural time difference (or ITD) when concerning humans or animals, is the difference in arrival time of a sound between two ears. It is important in the localization of sounds, as it provides a cue to the direction or angle of the sound source from the head. If a signal ...
The process of binaural fusion is important for perceiving the locations of sound sources, especially along the horizontal or azimuth direction, and it is important for sound segregation. [1] Sound segregation refers to the ability to identify acoustic components from one or more sound sources. [ 2 ]
Human listeners combine information from two ears to localize and separate sound sources originating in different locations in a process called binaural hearing. The powerful signal processing methods found in the neural systems and brains of humans and other animals are flexible, environmentally adaptable, [ 1 ] and take place rapidly and ...
The first computational map to be proposed was the Jeffress model (1948) which stated that the computation of sound localization was dependent upon timing differences of sensory input. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Since the introduction of the Jeffress model, more general guiding principles for relating brain maps to the properties of the computations they ...
Sound localization is the process of determining the location of a sound source. The brain utilizes subtle differences in loudness, tone and timing between the two ears to allow us to localize sound sources. [10] Localization can be described in terms of three-dimensional position: the azimuth or horizontal angle, the zenith or vertical angle ...