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Relational aggression, alternative aggression, or relational bullying is a type of aggression in which harm is caused by damaging someone's relationships or social status. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Although it can be used in many contexts and among different age groups , relational aggression among adolescents in particular, has received a lot of attention.
Relational bullying is a form of bullying common among youth, but more particularly upon girls. Social exclusion (slighting or making someone feel "left out") is one of the most common types of relational bullying. Relational bullying can be used as a tool by bullies to both improve their social standing and in order to control others.
Indirect bullying is more subtle and harder to detect, but involves one or more forms of relational aggression, including social isolation via intentional exclusion, spreading rumors to defame the target's character or reputation, making faces or obscene gestures behind the target's back, and manipulating friendships or other relationships. [49]
Pre-adolescent research confirms such a negative relationship between trait EI [a] and bullying behavior; bullying behavior is negatively associated with total empathy and more specifically, the EI dimension of cognitive empathy, which is the ability to understand or take on the emotional experiences and perspectives of others. [7]
Bullying is the use of force, threat, or coercion to abuse, intimidate, or aggressively dominate others. It is often repeated and habitual. It is often repeated and habitual. One essential prerequisite is the perception, by the bully or by others, of an imbalance of social or physical power .
Relational aggression among teens, which includes attempts to damage someone’s reputation, can be especially hard when paired with cyberbullying. Here’s how parents can support kids.
The areas of the bullying strand that specifically pertain to peer victimization are studies of victimization prevalence, victims’ home environment, and effects of victimization in schools. Researchers started by determining the prevalence of peer victimization believing this would allow for the comparison of the problem over time ...
Controlling behavior in relationships are behaviors exhibited by an individual who seeks to gain and maintain control over another person. [1] [2] [3] Abusers may utilize tactics such as intimidation or coercion, and may seek personal gain, personal gratification, and the enjoyment of exercising power and control. [4]