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Ascariasis is a disease caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides. [1] Infections have no symptoms in more than 85% of cases, especially if the number of worms is small. [ 1 ] Symptoms increase with the number of worms present and may include shortness of breath and fever at the beginning of the disease. [ 1 ]
Ascaris lumbricoides is a large parasitic roundworm of the genus Ascaris. It is the most common parasitic worm in humans. [1] An estimated 807 million–1.2 billion people are infected with Ascaris lumbricoides worldwide. [2] People living in tropical and subtropical countries are at greater risk of infection.
A. lumbricoides is the largest intestinal roundworm and is the most common helminth infection of humans worldwide. Infestation can cause morbidity by compromising nutritional status, [ 3 ] affecting cognitive processes, [ 4 ] inducing tissue reactions such as granuloma to larval stages, and by causing intestinal obstruction , which can be fatal.
Trichinella is the smallest human nematode parasite, yet it is also the largest of all intracellular parasites. Oral ingestion of cyst- or larvae-contaminated tissue is the usual route of infection, but congenital and mammary transmission can occur in rats. [1]
Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a nematode (roundworm) parasite that causes angiostrongyliasis, an infection that is the most common cause of eosinophilic meningitis in Southeast Asia and the Pacific Basin. [3] The nematode commonly resides in the pulmonary arteries of rats, giving it the common name rat lungworm. [4]
Toxocariasis is an illness of humans caused by the dog roundworm (Toxocara canis) and, less frequently, the cat roundworm (Toxocara cati). [1] These are the most common intestinal roundworms of dogs, coyotes, wolves and foxes and domestic cats, respectively. [2] Humans are among the many "accidental" or paratenic hosts of these roundworms. [3]
The roundworm, Dracunculus has a complex mode of transmission: it is acquired from drinking infested water or eating frogs and fish that contain (had eaten) infected crustaceans ; and can also be transmitted from infected pets (cats and dogs). [30] Roundworms such as Brugia, Wuchereria and Onchocerca are directly transmitted by mosquitoes.
Strongyloides stercoralis is a human pathogenic parasitic roundworm causing the disease strongyloidiasis. Its common name in the US is threadworm. In the UK and Australia, however, the term threadworm can also refer to nematodes of the genus Enterobius, otherwise known as pinworms. [2] The Strongyloides stercoralis nematode can