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To induce general anesthesia, propofol is the drug used almost exclusively, having largely replaced sodium thiopental. [13]It is often administered as part of an anesthesia maintenance technique called total intravenous anesthesia, using either manually programmed infusion pumps or computer-controlled infusion pumps in a process called target controlled infusion (TCI).
Propofol is also painful when administered intravenously, therefore, lidocaine is commonly used as a pretreatment to help decrease the pain associated with administering propofol. [ dubious – discuss ] Additionally, it [ clarification needed ] has antiemetic properties that are also useful in these types of procedures.
Twilight anesthesia is also known as twilight sleep and allows an easy awakening and a speedy recovery time for the patient. Anesthesia is used to control pain by using medicines that reversibly block nerve conduction near the site of administration, therefore, generating a loss of sensation at the area administered.
Propofol (di-isopropyl phenol) was synthesized by Glen and colleagues in the early 1970s, [7] but its first formulations were temporarily withdrawn due to a number of adverse reactions during clinical studies. [1] In 1983, a lipid emulsion formulation of propofol was available, which carried great potential during clinical trials. [8]
Propofol can be used for total intravenous anaesthetia (TIVA), therefore supplementation by inhalation agents is not required. [45] General anesthesia is usually considered safe; however, there are reported cases of patients with distortion of taste and/or smell due to local anesthetics, stroke, nerve damage, or as a side effect of general ...
Sedation scales are used in medical situations in conjunction with a medical history in assessing the applicable degree of sedation in patients in order to avoid under-sedation (the patient risks experiencing pain or distress) and over-sedation (the patient risks side effects such as suppression of breathing, which might lead to death).
Viagra (Sildenafil): Uses, Benefits and Side Effects. This article was reviewed by Kelly Brown MD, MBA.. Whether you’re a senior in high school or a senior-living resident, you’ve likely heard ...
General anesthesia drugs such as midazolam, ketamine, propofol and fentanyl are used to put a person in a twilight state or render them completely unconscious and unaware of pain. Dentists who have completed a training program in anesthesiology may also administer general IV and inhalation anesthetic agents.