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  2. Fertility awareness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertility_awareness

    The cervix changes position in response to the same hormones that cause cervical mucus to be produced and to dry up. When a woman is in an infertile phase of her cycle, the cervix will be low in the vaginal canal; it will feel firm to the touch (like the tip of a person's nose); and the os—the opening in the cervix—will be relatively small ...

  3. Calendar-based contraceptive methods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendar-based...

    It is not known if historical cultures were aware of what part of the menstrual cycle is most fertile. In the year 388, Augustine of Hippo wrote of periodic abstinence. . Addressing followers of Manichaeism, his former religion, he said, "Is it not you who used to counsel us to observe as much as possible the time when a woman, after her purification, is most likely to conceive, and to abstain ...

  4. Billings ovulation method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billings_ovulation_method

    The topic was not systematically studied, however, for almost another century. In 1948, Erik Odeblad was studying mycoplasms in the female genital tract. During the course of his studies, he noticed that cervical mucus changed in a predictable pattern through the course of a woman's cycle. He continued his study of the cervix. [7]

  5. Menstruation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstruation

    Diagram illustrating how the uterus lining builds up and breaks down during the menstrual cycle Menstruation (also known as a period, among other colloquial terms) is the regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the inner lining of the uterus through the vagina. The menstrual cycle is characterized by the rise and fall of hormones. Menstruation is triggered by falling progesterone ...

  6. Natural family planning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_family_planning

    The "safe period" method of fertility awareness is the most common family planning method used in India, although condoms are used by some. [34] Of all American women surveyed nationally in 2002, only 0.9% were using "periodic abstinence" (defined as "calendar rhythm" and "natural family planning") compared to 60.6% using other contraceptive ...

  7. Menstrual cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstrual_cycle

    Menstrual cycle The menstrual cycle is a series of natural changes in hormone production and the structures of the uterus and ovaries of the female reproductive system that makes pregnancy possible. The ovarian cycle controls the production and release of eggs and the cyclic release of estrogen and progesterone. The uterine cycle governs the preparation and maintenance of the lining of the ...

  8. Couple to Couple League - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couple_to_Couple_League

    The Couple to Couple League was founded in 1971 by John and Sheila Kippley, and lay Catholics, with the help of Dr. Konald Prem. The League was the first organization to teach a symptoms-based method of fertility awareness that relied on all three primary fertility signs: temperature, mucus, and cervical position. [1]

  9. Ovulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovulation

    Ovulation is an important part of the menstrual cycle in female vertebrates where the egg cells are released from the ovaries as part of the ovarian cycle. In female humans ovulation typically occurs near the midpoint in the menstrual cycle and after the follicular phase. Ovulation is stimulated by an increase in luteinizing hormone (LH).