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A program that is configured to use a library can use either static-linking or dynamic-linking.Historically, libraries could only be static. [4] For static-linking (), the library is effectively embedded into the programs executable file, while for dynamic-linking the library can be loaded at runtime from a shared location, such as system files.
On Unix and Unix-like systems, the static linker is usually invoked via the command ld which is an abbreviation of LoaDer or Link eDitor. The term "loader" was used to describe the process of loading external symbols from other programs during the process of linking. [4] For example, on SINTRAN III, linking (assembling object files into a ...
An example of load-and-go systems is the loader Anthony J. Barr wrote for the University Computing Corporation in 1968 that was replaced in the market by the IBM OS/360 loader in 1972. These OS/360 loaders performed many of the functions of the Linkage Editor but placed the linked program in memory rather than creating an executable on disk. [9]
Any static library function can call a function or procedure in another static library. The linker and loader handle this the same way as for kinds of other object files. Static library files may be linked at run time by a linking loader (e.g., the X11 module loader). However, whether such a process can be called static linking is controversial.
Linking is often referred to as a process that is performed when the executable is compiled, while a dynamic linker is a special part of an operating system that loads external shared libraries into a running process and then binds those shared libraries dynamically to the running process. This approach is also called dynamic linking or late ...
The system's Linkage Editor application is named IEWL. [3] IEWL's main function is to associate load modules (executable programs) and object modules (the output from, say, assemblers and compilers), including "automatic calls" to libraries (high-level language "built-in functions"), into a format which may be most efficiently loaded by IEWFETCH.
Relocation is the process of assigning load addresses for position-dependent code and data of a program and adjusting the code and data to reflect the assigned addresses. [1] [2] Prior to the advent of multiprocess systems, and still in many embedded systems, the addresses for objects are absolute starting at a known location, often zero.
Static linking is linking at build time, such that the library executable code is included in the program. Dynamic linking is linking at run time; it involves building the program with information that supports run-time linking to a dynamic link library (DLL). For dynamic linking, a compatible DLL file must be available to the program at run ...