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Complexes such as this are called "low spin". For example, NO 2 − is a strong-field ligand and produces a large Δ. The octahedral ion [Fe(NO 2) 6] 3−, which has 5 d-electrons, would have the octahedral splitting diagram shown at right with all five electrons in the t 2g level. This low spin state therefore does not follow Hund's rule.
In an octahedral complex, the molecular orbitals created by coordination can be seen as resulting from the donation of two electrons by each of six σ-donor ligands to the d-orbitals on the metal. In octahedral complexes, ligands approach along the x -, y - and z -axes, so their σ-symmetry orbitals form bonding and anti-bonding combinations ...
Also, for the D Orgel diagram, the left side contains d 1 and d 6 tetrahedral and d 4 and d 9 octahedral complexes. The right side contains d 4 and d 9 tetrahedral and d 1 and d 6 octahedral complexes. For the F Orgel diagram, the left side contains d 2 and d 7 tetrahedral and d 3 and d 8 octahedral complexes.
The Δ splitting energy for tetrahedral metal complexes (four ligands), Δ tet is smaller than that for an octahedral complex. Consequently, tetrahedral complexes are almost always high spin [3] Examples of low spin tetrahedral complexes include Fe(2-norbornyl) 4, [4] [Co(4-norbornyl) 4] +, and the nitrosyl complex Cr(NO)(2) 3.
Octahedral molecular geometry is a common structural motif for homoleptic metal chloride complexes. Examples ... whereas the tetrahalides are usually tetrahedral ...
Other common coordination geometries are tetrahedral and square planar. Crystal field theory may be used to explain the relative stabilities of transition metal compounds of different coordination geometry, as well as the presence or absence of paramagnetism, whereas VSEPR may be used for complexes of main group element to predict geometry.
Octahedral complexes [M(NCS) 6] z-include M = Ti ... complexes would be tetrahedral since isothiocyanate is a weak-field ligand. Two examples are the deep blue ...
Representative d-orbital splitting diagrams for square planar complexes featuring σ-donor (left) and σ+π-donor (right) ligands. A general d-orbital splitting diagram for square planar (D 4h) transition metal complexes can be derived from the general octahedral (O h) splitting diagram, in which the d z 2 and the d x 2 −y 2 orbitals are degenerate and higher in energy than the degenerate ...