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Malacca reached its height of glory between the mid to late 15th century up to before the Portuguese occupation. The reign of Sultan Muzaffar Shah saw the territorial incorporation of the region between Dindings and Johor, and was the first Malaccan ruler to impose authority over both the western and eastern ends of the Malay Peninsula. [27]
The Capture of Malacca in 1511 occurred when the governor of Portuguese India Afonso de Albuquerque conquered the city of Malacca in 1511. The port city of Malacca controlled the narrow, strategic Strait of Malacca , through which all seagoing trade between China and India was concentrated. [ 8 ]
During the early 15th century, Ming China actively sought to build in Malacca a commercial hub and a base of operations for their treasure voyages into the Indian Ocean. [27] Malacca had been a relatively insignificant region, not even qualifying as a polity prior to the voyages, according to both Ma Huan and Fei Xin , and it was a vassal ...
Dutch and Portuguese ships battling over the control of Malacca during the Dutch–Portuguese War, 1606 Afonso de Albuquerque, conqueror of Malacca in 1511 Cornelis de Houtman voyage arrival in Bantam (c. 16th century) Spanish missionaries baptising a Moro convert in the Spanish East Indies, circa 1890.
Map of 15th century Malacca and its contemporaries. The relation with Ming China started in the early 15th century [26] when Parameswara embarked on several voyages to visit the Yongle Emperor. In 1403, the first official Chinese trade envoy led by Admiral Yin Qing arrived in Malacca.
In 1536, the Sultanate of Johor signed a peace treaty with Portugal after the captain of Malacca Dom Estevão da Gama razed Johor. [1] By 1551 however, the Sultan of Johor Alauddin Riayat Shah II disregarded the peace treaty and without provocation forged a coalition with the Sultan of Pahang, the Sultan of Perak and the queen of Jepara in Java to attack Portuguese Malacca.
Located along both sides of the Malacca River and centred around St. Paul's Hill, this area reflects the historical significance of the 15th century Malacca Sultanate, as well as subsequent Portuguese and Dutch colonial periods. St. Paul's Hill had been officially designated as a heritage zone in 1988. [3]
The captain of Malacca Tristão Vaz da Veiga had gotten reports of the imminent threat, and so had dispatched the merchants away from Malacca on their vessels (to prevent their collusion with the Acehnese), merchant ships to fetch supplies in Bengal and Pegu, and urgent messages to the Viceroy in Goa requesting reinforcements, knowing full well ...