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Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) is a hydrogenated derivative of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). It is a naturally occurring phytocannabinoid that has rarely been identified as a trace component in Cannabis sativa, [1] [2] but can also be produced synthetically by firstly acid cyclization of cannabidiol and then hydrogenation of tetrahydrocannabinol.
Cannabinoids (/ k ə ˈ n æ b ə n ɔɪ d z ˌ ˈ k æ n ə b ə n ɔɪ d z /) are compounds found in the cannabis plant or synthetic compounds that can interact with the endocannabinoid system. [1] [2] The most notable cannabinoid is the phytocannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (Delta-9-THC), the primary intoxicating compound in cannabis.
The 11-OH-9β-HHC isomer is the structurally related methylene homologue of 11-Nor-9β-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol also known as 9-Nor-9β-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol. [8] [9] HU-243 is a synthetic analog of 11-OH-9β-HHC in which the natural n-pentyl side chain is replaced with a geminal-dimethylheptyl substitution.
9-Hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol (9-OH-HHC) is a semi-synthetic derivative of tetrahydrocannabinol. It is formed as an impurity in the synthesis of Delta-8-THC , [ 1 ] and retains activity in animal studies though with only around 1/10 the potency of Δ 9 -THC, with the 9α- and 9β- enantiomers having around the same potency.
9-Nor-9β-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol (9-nor-9beta-HHC; sometimes incorrectly confused with 11-nor-9β-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol [1]) is a cannabinoid first discovered from early modifications to the structure of THC, in a search for the simplest compound that could still fulfill the binding requirements to produce cannabis-like activity.
HHC-P is a partial agonist of the CB1 receptors with an EC50 of 44.4nM for 9R-HHCP and 134nM for 9S-HHCP. Compared to Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) with an EC50 of 101nM for 9R-HHC and 1,190nM for 9S-HHC [5] In 2021, HHC-P was positively identified in multiple retail electronic vaping products in the United States.
Like Δ9-THC and Δ8-THC, HHC is processed by cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19) to a series of oxygenated derivatives, some of which maintain activity. [1] While 11-OH-HHC and its downstream products are the major metabolites of HHC metabolism, hydroxylation at C8 plays a varyingly significant role in animal species.
HHCP-O-acetate (HHCPO, HHCP-O) is a semi-synthetic derivative of tetrahydrocannabiphorol (THCP) derived in several steps by hydrogenation to hexahydrocannabiphorol (HHCP) followed by acetylation of the OH group.