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Pelvic floor physical therapy (PFPT) is a specialty area within physical therapy focusing on the rehabilitation of muscles in the pelvic floor after injury or dysfunction. It can be used to address issues such as muscle weakness or tightness post childbirth, dyspareunia, vaginismus, vulvodynia, constipation, fecal or urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, and sexual dysfunction.
It requires there to be no anatomical or physical problems (e.g., pelvic floor dysfunction, vulvodynia, vestibulodynia, etc) and a desire for penetration. [3] [9] Treatment may include behavior therapy such as graduated exposure therapy and gradual vaginal dilation. [2] [3] Surgery is not generally indicated. [6]
Though pelvic floor dysfunction is thought to more commonly affect women, 16% of men have been identified with pelvic floor dysfunction. [13] Pelvic floor dysfunction and its multiple consequences, including urinary incontinence, is a concerning health issue becoming more evident as the population of advancing age individuals rises.
Pelvic floor dysfunction may be the underlying cause of some women's pain. [16] Many co-morbidities are commonly associated with vulvodynia, including fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, interstitial cystitis, pelvic floor dysfunction, endometriosis, depression and anxiety disorders. [17]
Some of the conservative treatments include Kegel exercises that strengthen the pelvic floor and pessaries which aim to put the vagina in a normal position. [21] Surgical treatment options include colpocleisis, vaginal reconstruction, and abdominal sacrocolpopexy. Colpocleisis is an obliterative procedure that would remove the possibility of ...
Hypertonic pelvic floor dysfunction is present in many people who have vestibulodynia. Tight muscles can even contribute to and cause pain in the posterior area of the vestibule. People with hypertonic pelvic floor dysfunction may experience urinary symptoms like urgency and/or symptoms like constipation, rectal fissures, hip pain, and/or lower ...