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Array data types are most often implemented as array structures: with the indices restricted to integer (or totally ordered) values, index ranges fixed at array creation time, and multilinear element addressing. This was the case in most "third generation" languages, and is still the case of most systems programming languages such as Ada, C ...
Like approximate entropy (ApEn), Sample entropy (SampEn) is a measure of complexity. [1] But it does not include self-similar patterns as ApEn does. For a given embedding dimension, tolerance and number of data points, SampEn is the negative natural logarithm of the probability that if two sets of simultaneous data points of length have distance < then two sets of simultaneous data points of ...
In early 2005, NumPy developer Travis Oliphant wanted to unify the community around a single array package and ported Numarray's features to Numeric, releasing the result as NumPy 1.0 in 2006. [9] This new project was part of SciPy. To avoid installing the large SciPy package just to get an array object, this new package was separated and ...
In this case, the winsorized mean can equivalently be expressed as a weighted average of the 5th percentile, the truncated mean, and the 95th percentile (for this case of a 10% winsorized mean: 0.05 times the 5th percentile, 0.9 times the 10% trimmed mean, and 0.05 times the 95th percentile). However, in general, winsorized statistics need not ...
The definition of matrix multiplication is that if C = AB for an n × m matrix A and an m × p matrix B, then C is an n × p matrix with entries = =. From this, a simple algorithm can be constructed which loops over the indices i from 1 through n and j from 1 through p, computing the above using a nested loop:
the Greek alphabet is used for space and time components, where indices take on values 0, 1, 2, or 3 (frequently used letters are μ, ν, ... the Latin alphabet is used for spatial components only, where indices take on values 1, 2, or 3 (frequently used letters are i , j , ...
It is called the delta function because it is a continuous analogue of the Kronecker delta function, which is usually defined on a discrete domain and takes values 0 and 1. The mathematical rigor of the delta function was disputed until Laurent Schwartz developed the theory of distributions, where it is defined as a linear form acting on functions.
Usually programming languages allowing n-based indexing also allow negative index values and other scalar data types like enumerations, or characters may be used as an array index. Using zero based indexing is the design choice of many influential programming languages, including C , Java and Lisp .