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2. Ionization - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionization

   Ionization or ionisation is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. The resulting electrically charged atom or molecule is called an ion .

3. Chemi-ionization - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemi-ionization

   A certain amount of energy, which may be large enough, is required to remove an electron from an atom or a molecule in its ground state. [12] [13] In chemi-ionization processes, the energy consumed by the ionization must be stored in atoms or molecules in a form of potencial energy or can be obtained from an accompanying exothermic chemical change (for example, from a formation of a new ...

4. Ion - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion

   The original ionization event in these instruments results in the formation of an "ion pair"; a positive ion and a free electron, by ion impact by the radiation on the gas molecules. The ionization chamber is the simplest of these detectors, and collects all the charges created by direct ionization within the gas through the application of an ...

5. Chemical ionization - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_ionization

   Chemical ionization in an atmospheric pressure electric discharge is called atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), which usually uses water as the reagent gas. An APCI source is composed of a liquid chromatography outlet, nebulizing the eluent, a heated vaporizer tube, a corona discharge needle and a pinhole entrance to 10 −3 torr ...

6. Grammar checker - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammar_checker

   The fact that a natural word may be used as any one of several parts of speech (such as "free" being used as an adjective, adverb, noun, or verb) greatly increases the complexity of any grammar checker. A grammar checker will find each sentence in a text, look up each word in the dictionary, and then attempt to parse the sentence into a form ...

7. Electron ionization - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_ionization

   Electron ionization. Electron ionization (EI, formerly known as electron impact ionization [1] and electron bombardment ionization [2]) is an ionization method in which energetic electrons interact with solid or gas phase atoms or molecules to produce ions. [3] EI was one of the first ionization techniques developed for mass spectrometry. [4]