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Food deserts are generally defined as regions that lack access to supermarkets and affordable, healthy foods, particularly in low-income communities. [1] According to the USDA's most recent report on food access, as of 2017, approximately 39.5 million people - 12.9% of the US population - lived in low-income and low food access.
ZCTAs or ZIP Code Tabulation Areas are the census equivalent of ZIP codes used for statistical purposes. The reason why regular ZIP codes are not used is because they are defined by routes rather than geographic boundaries. Thus, they have the tendency to overlap and otherwise create difficulties.
Likewise, some scholars argue that the current definition frames food access as a binary problem (either you are in a food desert or not), which overstates the problem of space when food access is a complex, multi-dimensional problem involving other critical factors such as transportation infrastructure, income, time, and consumer behavior. [82]
Accessing healthy foods then becomes more difficult without reliable transportation. The Food Access Research Atlas (ERS 2013) maps out the measurement of food access in both low- and high-income communities. Under this measure, they point out the significance of number of cars within and a number of supermarkets in the area. [54]
Location can affect access to food and which type of access a family will rely on. [63] The assets of a household, including income, land, products of labor, inheritances, and gifts can determine a household's access to food. [18] However, the ability to access sufficient food may not lead to the purchase of food over other materials and ...
Many Latino households in the Central Valley suffer from food insecurity in the form of limited access to fruits and vegetables. [23] A large portion of these households are likely to have at least one family member working as a farm laborer, since the overall California farm workforce is 92% Latino, with Mexican-born workers being the vast ...
The Food Justice Movement is a grassroots initiative which emerged in response to food insecurity and economic pressures that prevent access to healthy, nutritious, and culturally appropriate foods. [1] The food justice movement moves beyond increasing food availability and works to address the root cause of unequal access to adequate nutrition.
A food hub, as defined by the USDA, is “a centrally located facility with a business management structure facilitating the aggregation, storage, processing, distributions, and/or marketing of locally/regionally produced food products.” [1] Food hubs are a part of the agricultural value chain model and often share common values relating to conservation, sustainability, healthy food access ...