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Cryoimmunotherapy, also referred to as cryoimmunology, is an oncological treatment for various cancers that combines cryoablation of tumor with immunotherapy treatment. [1] In-vivo cryoablation of a tumor, alone, can induce an immunostimulatory, systemic anti-tumor response, resulting in a cancer vaccine—the abscopal effect . [ 2 ]
Other options include cryotherapy and radiation therapy. [7] For cases with distant metastasis, chemotherapy or biologic therapy may be employed. [7] As of 2015, approximately 2.2 million individuals globally were living with cSCC at any given time, [8] constituting about 20% of all skin cancer cases. [21]
Warts, moles, skin tags, solar keratoses, molluscum, [6] Morton's neuroma [7] and small skin cancers are candidates for cryosurgical treatment. Several internal disorders are also treated with cryosurgery, including liver cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, oral cancers, cervical disorders and, more commonly in the past, hemorrhoids.
Cryotherapy is a specific type of low-temperature treatment used to reduce inflammation and its associated pain. [4] Cryotherapy was developed in the 1970s by Japanese rheumatologist Toshima Yamaguchi [5] [6] and introduced to Europe, US and Australia in the 1980s [7] [8] and 1990s. [9]
Cryoimmunotherapy is an oncological treatment for various cancers that combines cryoablation of tumor with immunotherapy treatment. [9] In-vivo cryoablation of a tumor alone can induce an immunostimulatory, systemic anti-tumor response, resulting in a cancer vaccine – the abscopal effect. [10]
Treatment is stopped when ulceration and crusting appear. There is minimal scarring. Complete clearance has been reported in about 50% of patients. [13] Imiquimod (Aldara) is an immune response modifier that has been studied for the treatment of actinic cheilitis. It promotes an immune response in the skin leading to apoptosis (death) of the ...
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