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The best case input is an array that is already sorted. In this case insertion sort has a linear running time (i.e., O(n)).During each iteration, the first remaining element of the input is only compared with the right-most element of the sorted subsection of the array.
The list handle should then be a pointer to the last data node, before the sentinel, if the list is not empty; or to the sentinel itself, if the list is empty. The same trick can be used to simplify the handling of a doubly linked linear list, by turning it into a circular doubly linked list with a single sentinel node.
More advanced implementations may support more complicated operations, such as pull_lowest_priority_element, inspecting the first few highest- or lowest-priority elements, clearing the queue, clearing subsets of the queue, performing a batch insert, merging two or more queues into one, incrementing priority of any element, etc.
The first and last nodes of a doubly linked list for all practical applications are immediately accessible (i.e., accessible without traversal, and usually called head and tail) and therefore allow traversal of the list from the beginning or end of the list, respectively: e.g., traversing the list from beginning to end, or from end to beginning, in a search of the list for a node with specific ...
The list holds the front part of the queue. The list holds the remaining elements (a.k.a., the rear of the queue) in reverse order. It is easy to insert into the front of the queue by adding a node at the head of .
In computer science, a double-ended queue (abbreviated to deque, / d ɛ k / DEK [1]) is an abstract data type that generalizes a queue, for which elements can be added to or removed from either the front (head) or back (tail). [2]
Merge-insertion sort performs the following steps, on an input of elements: [6]. Group the elements of into ⌊ / ⌋ pairs of elements, arbitrarily, leaving one element unpaired if there is an odd number of elements.
The following Python implementation [1] [circular reference] performs cycle sort on an array, counting the number of writes to that array that were needed to sort it. Python def cycle_sort ( array ) -> int : """Sort an array in place and return the number of writes.""" writes = 0 # Loop through the array to find cycles to rotate.