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A large signal is any signal having enough magnitude to reveal a circuit's nonlinear behavior. The signal may be a DC signal or an AC signal or indeed, any signal. How large a signal needs to be (in magnitude) before it is considered a large signal depends on the circuit and context in which the signal is being used. In some highly nonlinear ...
Figure 4: NPN voltage follower with current source biasing suitable for integrated circuits. The common collector amplifier's low output impedance allows a source with a large output impedance to drive a small load impedance without changing its voltage. Thus this circuit finds applications as a voltage buffer.
Large-signal modeling is a common analysis method used in electronic engineering to describe nonlinear devices in terms of the underlying nonlinear equations. In circuits containing nonlinear elements such as transistors, diodes, and vacuum tubes, under "large signal conditions", AC signals have high enough magnitude that nonlinear effects must be considered.
Figure 2: Small-signal model for calculating various parameters; Thévenin voltage source as signal. For the case when the common-base circuit is used as a voltage amplifier, the circuit is shown in Figure 2. The output resistance is large, at least R C || r O, the value which arises with low source impedance (R S ≪ r E).
Figure 4: Small-signal circuit for N-channel MOSFET common-source amplifier. Figure 5: Small-signal circuit for N-channel MOSFET common-source amplifier using Miller's theorem to introduce Miller capacitance C M. Bandwidth of common-source amplifier tends to be low, due to high capacitance resulting from the Miller effect.
2 Large-signal model. ... can be accounted for in small-signal circuit ... output resistance of a simple current mirror or an actively loaded common-emitter amplifier.