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Neu is so named because it was derived from a rodent glioblastoma cell line, a type of neural tumor. ErbB-2 was named for its similarity to ErbB (avian erythroblastosis oncogene B), the oncogene later found to code for EGFR. Molecular cloning of the gene showed that HER2, Neu, and ErbB-2 are all encoded by the same orthologs. [10]
The protein SIALIDASE-1 encoded by the NEU-1 gene encodes the lysosomal enzyme SIALIDASE-1, which cleaves terminal sialic acid residues from substrates such as glycoproteins and glycolipids. In the lysosome , this enzyme is part of a heterotrimeric complex together with beta-galactosidase and cathepsin A (the latter also referred to as ...
NeuN (Fox-3, Rbfox3, or Hexaribonucleotide Binding Protein-3), a protein which is a homologue to the protein product of a sex-determining gene in Caenorhabditis elegans, is a neuronal nuclear antigen that is commonly used as a biomarker for neurons.
The epidermal growth factor receptor is a member of the ErbB family of receptors, a subfamily of four closely related receptor tyrosine kinases: EGFR (ErbB-1), HER2/neu (ErbB-2), Her 3 (ErbB-3) and Her 4 (ErbB-4). In many cancer types, mutations affecting EGFR expression or activity could result in cancer. [6]
This difference is particularly useful for HER-2/neu because it has been found that gene amplification is of higher prognostic value than protein expression. [17] A disadvantage of IHC is that it is not possible to identify false-negative and false-positive results. [17] In CISH, if there is no signal for the reference probe, the assay has failed.
Overexpression of the HER2/neu gene on chromosome 17 and some type of polysomy has been reported in 8-68% of breast carcinomas. [26] If theHER-2/neu gene does not amplify in the case of polysomy, proteins may be overexpressed and could lead to tumerogenesis. [27] Polysomy 17 may complicate the interpretation of HER2 testing results in cancer ...
N-Glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) is a sialic acid molecule found in most non-human mammals. Humans cannot synthesize Neu5Gc because the human gene CMAH is irreversibly mutated, though it is found in other apes.
NeuVax is the E75 synthetic peptide initially isolated from HER2/neu proto-oncogene (being HER2/neu p366-379 [2]) combined with the immune adjuvant, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF from yeast).
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