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In January 2007, the groundwater around the Naval Air Station North Island in San Diego County, California was treated. This test treated a total of 60,000 gallons of groundwater and used about 22,646 pounds of sodium persulfate to do it. No catalysts were added to the persulfate, but there was a significant amount of contaminant reduction.
Sodium chloride / ˌ s oʊ d i ə m ˈ k l ɔːr aɪ d /, [8] commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic , and occurs as the mineral halite .
Terrestrial groundwater is dominated by cations: potassium (K +), sodium (Na +), calcium (Ca +) and magnesium (Mg +) and anions: chlorine (Cl −), bicarbonate (HCO 3-) and sulfate (SO 4 2-). Each ion has a concentration of >1mgl −1. The chemical composition highly depends on the geology which is the composition of local rocks and the ...
All the sodium in these salts enter into the river / ground water during their production process or consumption enhancing water sodicity. The total global consumption of sodium chloride is 270 million tons in the year 2010. This is nearly equal to the salt load in the mighty Amazon River. Man made sodium salts contribution is nearly 7% of ...
Groundwater pollution (also called groundwater contamination) occurs when pollutants are released to the ground and make their way into groundwater.This type of water pollution can also occur naturally due to the presence of a minor and unwanted constituent, contaminant, or impurity in the groundwater, in which case it is more likely referred to as contamination rather than pollution.
Chemicals such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, carbonate, bicarbonate, chloride, and sulfate can be found in groundwater sources. [19] Changes to water quality as a result of overdrafting may make it unsafe for human consumption; rendering the groundwater sources unusable as a source of drinking water. [19]
Road salt can infiltrate surface and ground water, elevating sodium and chloride levels in drinking water reservoirs and wells; one teaspoon of road salt can permanently pollute five gallons of water. [19] Elevated sodium levels pose health risks for individuals with hypertension, and high chloride concentrations are toxic to aquatic life.
Groundwater: The water emerging from some deep ground water may have fallen as rain many tens, hundreds, or thousands of years ago. Soil and rock layers naturally filter the ground water to a high degree of clarity and often, it does not require additional treatment besides adding chlorine or chloramines as secondary disinfectants.