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Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a non-malignant tumor defined histologically as inclusions of “osteoclast-like” multinucleated giant cells, hemosiderin, and macrophages. [1] This histology can present one of 2 clinically distinct ways. TGCT tumors often develop from the lining of joints (also known as synovial tissue).
Symptoms may include: Swelling in the extremities (arms or legs), also called peripheral edema; the swelling often is painless. Difficulty in moving the extremity that has the tumor, including a limp. Soreness localized to the area of the tumor or in the extremity. Neurological symptoms. [3] Pain or discomfort: numbness, burning, or "pins and ...
Definitive diagnosis is made by tumor biopsy. [12] Surgery is the most common method of treating peripheral nerve sheath tumors. [11] In malignant tumors, complete resection is the only known curative treatment (with a sufficiently wide margin or even amputation to improve prognosis). [12]
Infectious tenosynovitis in 2.5% to 9.4% of all hand infections. Kanavel's cardinal signs are used to diagnose infectious tenosynovitis. They are: tenderness to touch along the flexor aspect of the finger, fusiform enlargement of the affected finger, the finger being held in slight flexion at rest, and severe pain with passive extension.
Giant-cell tumor of the tendon sheath, also known as giant-cell synovioma, localized nodular tenosynovitis and localized tenosynovial giant cell tumor or TGCT [1] is a firm lesion, measuring 1 to 3 cm in diameter, and is most commonly attached to the tendons of the fingers, hands, and wrists, with a predilection for the flexor surfaces.
Villonodular synovitis is a type of synovial swelling.. Types include: Pigmented villonodular synovitis; Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath; Though they have very different names, they have the same histology, and stain positive for CD68, HAM56, and vimentin. [1]
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