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Cytoplasmic streaming, also called protoplasmic streaming and cyclosis, is the flow of the cytoplasm inside the cell, driven by forces from the cytoskeleton. [1] It is likely that its function is, at least in part, to speed up the transport of molecules and organelles around the cell. It is usually observed in large plant and animal cells ...
Bulk temperature. In thermofluids dynamics, the bulk temperature, or the average bulk temperature in the thermal fluid, is a convenient reference point for evaluating properties related to convective heat transfer, particularly in applications related to flow in pipes and ducts. The concept of the bulk temperature is that adiabatic mixing of ...
Mass flow (life sciences) In the life sciences, mass flow, also known as mass transfer and bulk flow, is the movement of fluids down a pressure or temperature gradient. [1] As such, mass flow is a subject of study in both fluid dynamics and biology. Examples of mass flow include blood circulation and transport of water in vascular plant tissues.
Bulk motion, or bulk flow, is the characteristic of advection. [1] The term convection is used to describe the combination of both transport phenomena . If a diffusion process can be described by Fick's laws , it is called a normal diffusion (or Fickian diffusion); Otherwise, it is called an anomalous diffusion (or non-Fickian diffusion).
The stage in which water flows into the CV is called diastole. The contraction of the contractile vacuole and the expulsion of water out of the cell is called systole. Water always flows first from outside the cell into the cytoplasm, and is only then moved from the cytoplasm into the contractile vacuole for expulsion. Species that possess a ...
In cell biology, extracellular fluid (ECF) denotes all body fluid outside the cells of any multicellular organism. Total body water in healthy adults is about 50–60% (range 45 to 75%) of total body weight; [1] women and the obese typically have a lower percentage than lean men. [2] Extracellular fluid makes up about one-third of body fluid ...
The self-diffusion coefficient of water has been experimentally determined with high accuracy and thus serves often as a reference value for measurements on other liquids. The self-diffusion coefficient of neat water is: 2.299·10 −9 m 2 ·s −1 at 25 °C and 1.261·10 −9 m 2 ·s −1 at 4 °C. [2]
Plant cell structure. Animal cell structure. A vacuole (/ ˈvækjuːoʊl /) is a membrane-bound organelle which is present in plant and fungal cells and some protist, animal, and bacterial cells. [1][2] Vacuoles are essentially enclosed compartments which are filled with water containing inorganic and organic molecules including enzymes in ...