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John Whitney Sr. (1917–1995) was an American animator, composer and inventor, widely considered to be one of the fathers of computer animation. [1] In the 1940s and 1950s, he and his brother James created a series of experimental films made with a custom-built device based on old anti-aircraft analog computers (Kerrison Predictors) connected by servomechanisms to control the motion of lights ...
The main focus of this article the history of animation post-1888. Between 1895 and 1920, during the rise of the cinematic industry, several different animation techniques were re-invented or newly developed, including stop-motion with objects, puppets, clay or cutouts, and drawn or painted animation.
1961. In 1961, a 49-second vector animation of a car traveling up a planned highway at 110 km/h (70 mph) was created at the Swedish Royal Institute of Technology on the BESK computer. The short animation was broadcast on November 9, 1961, on national television. [3][4] Simulation of a Two-Gyro Gravity-Gradient Attitude Control System. 1963.
John Barnes Linnett patented the first flip book in 1868 as the kineograph. [42] [43] A flip book is a small book with relatively springy pages, each having one in a series of animation images located near its unbound edge. The user bends all of the pages back, normally with the thumb, then by a gradual motion of the hand allows them to spring ...
The Tale of the Fox. Only animation finished in 1930; not released with a soundtrack until 1937. 1935. The New Gulliver. The first released puppet-animated feature. Includes scenes of animation combined with live-action footage. 1931. Feature-length sound film. Peludópolis.
Computer animation is a digital successor to stop motion and traditional animation. Instead of a physical model or illustration, a digital equivalent is manipulated frame-by-frame. Also, computer-generated animations allow a single graphic artist to produce such content without using actors, expensive set pieces, or props.
Traditional animation (also called cel animation or hand-drawn animation) was the process used for most animated films of the 20th century. [57] The individual frames of a traditionally animated film are photographs of drawings, first drawn on paper. [ 58 ]
A computer-animated film is an animated film that was created using computer software to appear three-dimensional.While traditional 2D animated films are now [when?] made primarily with the help of computers, the technique to render realistic 3D computer graphics (CG) or 3D computer-generated imagery (CGI), is unique to computer animation.