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Gonorrhoea or gonorrhea, colloquially known as the clap, [7] is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. [8] Infection may involve the genitals, mouth, or rectum. [9] Gonorrhea is spread through sexual contact with an infected person, [1] or from a mother to a child during birth. [1]
A sexually transmitted infection (STI), also referred to as a sexually transmitted disease (STD) and the older term venereal disease (VD), is an infection that is spread by sexual activity, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex, oral sex, or sometimes manual sex.
It causes the sexually transmitted genitourinary infection gonorrhea [6] as well as other forms of gonococcal disease including disseminated gonococcemia, septic arthritis, and gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum. N. gonorrhoeae is oxidase positive and a microaerophile that is capable of surviving phagocytosis and growing inside neutrophils. [6]
This condition is more common in women, affecting approximately 2.3-3% of women with gonorrhea and 0.4-0.7% of men. [5] This discrepancy is explained by increased incidence of silent gonorrheal infections in females and an increased rate of transmission to females that have sexual intercourse with infected males. [ 6 ]
Sexually transmitted infections can impact female reproductive health worldwide. Women experience a larger impact on their health compared to men because of how exposed and vulnerable their urogenital anatomy is. The vaginal mucosa is thin and can be easily penetrated by infectious agents.
Gonorrhea is the second-most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the U.S. There were nearly 650,000 cases of gonorrhea reported in 2022, according to the Centers for Disease Control and ...