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Before the second half of the 19th century many municipal institutions (e.g. courts, magistrates) employed Polish translators, and there was a course in Polish at the university. [135] Polish books were issued as well as magazines with the last one being the Kalendarz Staropruski Ewangelicki (Old Prussian Evangelical Calendar) issued between ...
After conquering the area in 1255, the Teutonic Knights constructed a provisionary wooden and earthworks fort in place of the Prussian one. [1] By 1257, a new stone Ordensburg castle was being constructed. The castle was greatly enlarged and refortified in several stages between the 16th to 18th centuries. [2]
City renamed Kaliningrad after Bolshevik Mikhail Kalinin. City becomes seat of the newly formed Kaliningrad Oblast. Kaliningrad Regional Museum of History and Arts founded. Kaliningradskaya Pravda newspaper begins publication. [33] 1947 – Kaliningrad Regional Drama Theatre established. 1954 – Pishchevik Kaliningrad football club formed.
Dohna Tower, the last to surrender after the Soviet storming of Königsberg in 1945. [1] The fortifications of the former East Prussian capital Königsberg (now Kaliningrad) consist of numerous defensive walls, forts, bastions and other structures. They make up the First and the Second Defensive Belt, built in 1626—1634 and 1843—1859 ...
Kaliningrad is the second-largest city in the Northwestern Federal District, after Saint Petersburg, the third-largest city in the Baltic region, and the seventh-largest city on the Baltic Sea. Modern-day Kaliningrad was renamed, rebuilt and repopulated by Russians starting in 1946 in the ruins of Königsberg, in which only Lithuanian ...
The oldest remaining seal of Altstadt depicted King Ottokar II of Bohemia, who had led the initial conquest of Sambia and was honored for his participation by having Königsberg named after him. Altstadt's coat of arms depicted a red crown in a white field above a white cross in a red field, with the crown honoring the Bohemian crown and the ...
The first recorded name of the castle is castrum de Coningsberg in Zambia.The Polish chronicler Jan Długosz, writing in the 15th century referred to the city's battle standard captured by the Poles at the Battle of Grunwald (1410) by both the German name Kunigsperk and the Polish version Crolowgrod, which given the Polish orthography of the time, has been transliterated as Krolowgrod.
Most of the collection, including its most valuable documents, were evacuated from Königsberg before the end of World War II and stored in a salt mine at Grasleben. Troops in the British occupation zone then brought them to the Imperial Palace of Goslar. From 1953 to 1979 the collection was stored in Göttingen.