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On July 25, 1987, President Corazon Aquino promulgated the Administrative Code of the Philippines. [1] Chapter 9 of this code specified a list of ten nationwide regular holidays and two nationwide special days and provided that the President may proclaim any local special day for a particular date, group or place.
Both Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha follow a period of 10 holy days or nights: the last 10 nights of Ramadan for Eid al-Fitr, and the first 10 days of Dhu al-Hijjah for Eid al-Adha. The Night of Power (Arabic: لیلة القدر, romanized: Laylat al-Qadr), one of the last 10 nights of Ramadan, is the holiest night of the year.
In Iran, where the occasion is known as Eid-e-Fitr (Persian: عید فطر), several groups of experts representing the office of Ayatollah Khamenei go to the different zones of the country at the last days of Ramadan to determine the date of Eid. [39] Iranian Muslims take part in the Eid al-Fitr prayer and pay the Zakat al-Fitr. [40]
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The Islamic calendar is a lunar one, where each month begins when the first crescent of a new moon is sighted. The Islamic year consists of 12 lunar cycles, and consequently it is 10 to 11 days shorter than the solar year, and as it contains no intercalation, [a] Ramadan migrates throughout the seasons.
Ramadan [b] (Arabic: رَمَضَان, romanized: Ramaḍān [ra.ma.dˤaːn]; [c] also spelled Ramazan, Ramzan, Ramadhan, or Ramathan) is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, [9] observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting (), prayer (), reflection, and community. [10]
The Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar, and months begin when the first crescent of a new moon is sighted. Since the Islamic lunar calendar year is 11 to 12 days shorter than the solar year, Sha'ban migrates throughout the seasons. The estimated start and end dates for Sha'ban, based on the Umm al-Qura calendar of Saudi Arabia, are: [10]
The name of the day means a farewell to Ramadan. [3] In Islam, Friday is the Sabbath and the holiest day of the week; consequently the last Friday of Ramadan is important because it gives Muslims a chance to reflect on Ramadan. [4] Jumu'atul-Wida is considered one of the five holiest days for Muslims and is the holiest sabbath in Islam. [5] [6]