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Muonium (/ m juː ˈ oʊ n i ə m /) is an exotic atom made up of an antimuon and an electron, [1] which was discovered in 1960 by Vernon W. Hughes [2] and is given the chemical symbol Mu. During the muon's 2.2 µs lifetime, muonium can undergo chemical reactions.
Himalayan salt does not have lower levels of sodium than conventional table salt. [184] Glass does not flow at room temperature as a high-viscosity liquid. [185] Although glass shares some molecular properties with liquids, it is a solid at room temperature and only begins to flow at hundreds of degrees above room temperature.
Muonium, despite its name, is not an onium state containing a muon and an antimuon, because IUPAC assigned that name to the system of an antimuon bound with an electron. However, the production of a muon–antimuon bound state, which is an onium (called true muonium ), has been theorized. [ 15 ]
In particle physics, true muonium is a theoretically predicted exotic atom representing a bound state of an muon and an antimuon (μ + μ −). The existence of true muonium is well established theoretically within the Standard Model .
The positive muon is also not attracted to the nucleus of atoms. Instead, it binds a random electron and with this electron forms an exotic atom known as muonium (mu) atom. In this atom, the muon acts as the nucleus. The positive muon, in this context, can be considered a pseudo-isotope of hydrogen with one ninth of the mass of the proton.
A semi-accurate depiction of the helium atom. In the nucleus, the protons are in red and neutrons are in purple. In reality, the nucleus is also spherically ...
An illustration of the protonium atom.. An onium (plural: onia) is a bound state of a particle and its antiparticle. [1] These states are usually named by adding the suffix -onium to the name of one of the constituent particles (replacing an -on suffix when present), with one exception for "muonium"; a muon–antimuon bound pair is called "true muonium" to avoid confusion with old nomenclature.
In insulators or semiconductors a collective screening cannot take place and the muon will usually pick up one electron and form a so-called muonium (Mu=μ + +e −), which has similar size (Bohr radius), reduced mass, and ionization energy to the hydrogen atom. This is the prototype of the so-called paramagnetic state.