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Because the test pad reaction is dependent on pH, false positive results can occur if the urine is highly alkaline. [ 60 ] [ 62 ] Conventional test strips are not sensitive enough to reliably detect microalbuminuria , a condition in which urine albumin levels are slightly elevated, [ 64 ] although dipsticks specialized for this measurement exist.
Waxy casts are broad casts, which is a more general term to describe the wider cast product of a dilated duct, and are seen in chronic kidney failure. In nephrotic syndrome, many additional types of casts exist, including broad and waxy casts if the condition is chronic (this is referred to as a telescopic urine with the presence of many casts ...
Blood; Urine; CSF; Feces; Vital signs; Reference ranges for urine tests are described below: Measurement Lower limit ... RBC casts: n/a 0 / negative [2] White blood ...
The normal number of red blood cells in urine should not usually exceed 3 per high power field. [13] A urine test strip showing positive for blood can also indicate hemoglobinuria, which is not detectable using a microscope due to the lysis of red blood cells in the urinary tract (particularly in alkaline or dilute urine), or intravascular ...
Hair casts, also known as pseudonits, represent remnants of the inner root sheath, and often occur in great numbers and may mimic nits in the scalp. [ 1 ] : 764 Signs and symptoms
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a syndrome of the kidney that is characterized by a rapid loss of kidney function, [4] [5] (usually a 50% decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) within 3 months) [5] with glomerular crescent formation seen in at least 50% [5] or 75% [4] of glomeruli seen on kidney biopsies.
Clinicians will often treat symptomatic bacteriuria based on the results of the urine dipstick test while waiting for the culture results. [citation needed] Bacteriuria can usually be detected using a urine dipstick test. The nitrite test detects nitrate-reducing bacteria if growing in high numbers in urine. A negative dipstick test does not ...
Blood tests (to monitor levels of platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells), stool tests (especially to check for microscopic or macroscopic levels of fresh or old blood), urinalysis (to help monitor kidney function, like blood urea nitrogen, or BUN, levels, pH, and for blood in the urine- hematuria) [3] Differential diagnosis