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Luminous efficacy can be normalized by the maximum possible luminous efficacy to a dimensionless quantity called luminous efficiency.The distinction between efficacy and efficiency is not always carefully maintained in published sources, so it is not uncommon to see "efficiencies" expressed in lumens per watt, or "efficacies" expressed as a percentage.
Efficiency: LEDs emit more lumens per watt than incandescent light bulbs. [63] The efficiency of LED lighting fixtures is not affected by shape and size, unlike fluorescent light bulbs or tubes. Size: LEDs can be very small (smaller than 2 mm 2 [64]) and are easily attached to printed circuit boards.
The light is not the same as a true black body, giving a different appearance to colors than an incandescent bulb. Color rendering quality is specified by the color rendering index (CRI), and as of 2019 is about 80 for many LED bulbs, and over 95 for more expensive high-CRI LED lighting (100 is the ideal value). [citation needed]
Some are put off by the higher cost of LEDs — about $4 for an LED bulb as compared to $1 for an incandescent — but considering that most of an incandescent bulb’s energy (90%) is wasted ...
By comparison, that consumer would spend about $1 to operate an Energy Star-certified LED bulb, about $3.50 on a halogen incandescent bulb and about $1.20 on an Energy Star CFL bulb - each ...
For comparison, a conventional incandescent light bulb of 60–100 watts emits around 15 lm/W, and standard fluorescent lights emit up to 100 lm/W. As of 2012, Philips had achieved the following efficacies for each color. [8] The efficiency values show the physics – light power out per electrical power in.