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Coagulation cascade: It is a series of enzymatic reactions that lead to the formation of a stable blood clot. The endothelial cells release substances like tissue factor, which triggers the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade. This is called as "secondary hemostasis". [20]
Therefore, although the coagulation cascade can be triggered in vitro through the intrinsic pathway only, in vivo coagulation is triggered by the extrinsic pathway. However, the model better describing how coagulation works is the so-called cell-based model, a more integrated picture of the whole process, in which phospholipid surfaces, such as ...
The extrinsic pathway of apoptosis refers to cell death induced by external factors that activate the death-inducing signaling complex. The extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation is also known as the tissue factor pathway and refers to a cascade of enzymatic reactions resulting in blood clotting and is done with the addition of injured tissue ...
Its role in the blood clotting is the initiation of thrombin formation from the zymogen prothrombin. Thromboplastin defines the cascade that leads to the activation of factor X—the tissue factor pathway. In doing so, it has replaced the previously named extrinsic pathway in order to eliminate ambiguity.
In coagulation, the coagulation factor X can be activated into factor Xa in two ways: either extrinsically or intrinsically. The activating complexes are together called tenase . Tenase is a blend word of "ten" and the suffix "-ase", which means, that the complex activates its substrate (inactive factor X) by cleaving it.
Finally, in order to activate the extrinsic / tissue factor clotting cascade pathway, tissue factor (also known as factor III) is added and the time the sample takes to clot is measured optically. Some laboratories use a mechanical measurement, which eliminates interferences from lipemic and icteric samples.
Characteristics of the velocity of passage of the intrinsic coagulation pathway; Poor plasma (the most convenient to work with, but no realization of the thrombocyte clotting mechanism) Contact activation pathway; Prothrombin time test (or prothrombin test, INR, PT) – velocity of passage of the extrinsic blood coagulation pathway Poor plasma
The intrinsic pathway of apoptosis (also known as the mitochondrial pathway, intracellular pathway, or intrinsic apoptosis), cell death initiated by changes in mitochondria. The intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation (also known as the contact activation pathway), a cascade of enzymatic reactions resulting in blood clotting.