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Ester pyrolysis in organic chemistry is a vacuum pyrolysis reaction converting esters containing a β-hydrogen atom into the corresponding carboxylic acid and the alkene.The reaction is an E i elimination and operates in a syn fashion.
On heating, the di-ester undergoes thermal decarboxylation, yielding an acetic acid substituted by the appropriate R group. [1] Thus, the malonic ester can be thought of being equivalent to the − CH 2 COOH synthon. The esters chosen are usually the same as the base used, i.e. ethyl esters with sodium ethoxide.
Acetyl chloride is a reagent for the preparation of esters and amides of acetic acid, used in the derivatization of alcohols and amines. One class of acetylation reactions are esterification, for example the reaction with ethanol to produce ethyl acetate and hydrogen chloride: CH 3 COCl + HO−CH 2 −CH 3 → CH 3 −COO−CH 2 −CH 3 + HCl
A notable method for synthesizing acetamidomalon ester is described in a 1950 patent, [1] which cites a procedure previously featured in Organic Syntheses. [2] The synthesis procedure involves the preparation of malonic acid diethyl ester in acetic acid combined with sodium nitrite (NaNO 2), resulting in diethyl isonitrosomalonate (also known as α-oximinomalonic acid diethyl ester).
Ethyl and benzyl esters are easily made thereby, and the reaction is noteworthy in that even the highly hindered tert-butyl alcohol gives very high yields in this synthesis. [ 8 ] Levi and Zanetti extended the Knorr synthesis in 1894 to the use of acetylacetone (2,4-pentanedione) in reaction with ethyl 2-oximinoacetoacetate.
In organic chemistry, an ortho ester is a functional group containing three alkoxy groups attached to one carbon atom, i.e. with the general formula RC(OR') 3. Orthoesters may be considered as products of exhaustive alkylation of unstable orthocarboxylic acids and it is from these that the name 'ortho ester' is derived.
An ester of carboxylic acid.R stands for any group (organic or inorganic) and R′ stands for organyl group.. In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which the hydrogen atom (H) of at least one acidic hydroxyl group (−OH) of that acid is replaced by an organyl group (−R).
Although, the need for sodium metal limits the functional group tolerance of the reaction, compared to more modern cyclization reactions (e.g. Yamaguchi esterification, ring-closing olefin metathesis), the acyloin condensation continues to be used in the synthesis of complex natural products for the preparation of challenging ring systems. [9]