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RNA polymerase 1 (also known as Pol I) is, in higher eukaryotes, the polymerase that only transcribes ribosomal RNA (but not 5S rRNA, which is synthesized by RNA polymerase III), a type of RNA that accounts for over 50% of the total RNA synthesized in a cell.
In molecular biology, RNA polymerase (abbreviated RNAP or RNApol), or more specifically DNA-directed/dependent RNA polymerase (DdRP), is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactions that synthesize RNA from a DNA template.
22130 Ensembl ENSG00000125482 ENSMUSG00000026803 UniProt Q15361 Q62187 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001205296 NM_007344 NM_009442 RefSeq (protein) NP_001192225 NP_031370 NP_033468 Location (UCSC) Chr 9: 132.38 – 132.41 Mb Chr 2: 28.95 – 28.98 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Transcription termination factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TTF1 gene. References ...
In the nucleolus, rRNA is synthesized by RNA polymerase I using the specialty genes that encode for it, which are found repeatedly throughout the genome. [34] The genes coding for 18S, 28S and 5.8S rRNA are located in the nucleolus organizer region and are transcribed into large precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) molecules by RNA polymerase I.
Transcription preinitiation complex, represented by the central cluster of proteins, causes RNA polymerase to bind to target DNA site. The PIC is able to bind both the promoter sequence near the gene to be transcribed and an enhancer sequence in a different part of the genome, allowing enhancer sequences to regulate a gene distant from it.
Unlike prokaryotic RNA polymerase that initiates the transcription of all different types of RNA, RNA polymerase in eukaryotes (including humans) comes in three variations, each translating a different type of gene. A eukaryotic cell has a nucleus that separates the processes of transcription and translation.