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Nasolacrimal duct cysts are a cutaneous condition that is a developmental defect present at birth. [1] [2] See also. Skin dimple; List of cutaneous conditions;
Obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct may occur. [4] [5] [6] This leads to the excess overflow of tears called epiphora (chronic low-grade nasolacrimal duct occlusion). [7]A congenital obstruction can cause cystic expansion of the duct and is called a dacryocystocele or Timo cyst.
Dacryocystocele (Dacryocystitis) or timo cyst is a benign, bluish-gray mass in the inferomedial canthus that develops within a few days or weeks after birth. The uncommon condition forms as a result as a consequence of narrowing or obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct, usually during prenatal development.
Dacryocystitis is an infection of the lacrimal sac, secondary to obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct at the junction of the lacrimal sac. [1] The term derives from Greek dákryon 'tear' cysta 'sac' and -itis 'inflammation'. [2] It causes pain, redness, and swelling over the inner aspect of the lower eyelid and epiphora.
Dacryoscintigraphy (DSG), also known as lacrimal scintigraphy, is a nuclear medicine technique for imaging the lacrimal apparatus. It is used to identify obstructions, for example in the lacrimal duct , nasal cavity or nasolacrimal duct .
Nasolacrimal duct obstruction is the obstruction of the nasolacrimal ducts (better known as the tear ducts) and may be either congenital or acquired. Obstruction of the nasolacrimal ducts leads to the excess overflow of tears called epiphora .
The lacrimal sac or lachrymal sac [1] is the upper dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct, [2] and is lodged in a deep groove formed by the lacrimal bone and frontal process of the maxilla. It connects the lacrimal canaliculi , which drain tears from the eye's surface, and the nasolacrimal duct , which conveys this fluid into the nasal cavity. [ 3 ]
With the advent of nasal endoscopes, endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy is becoming popular. In this procedure, a nasal endoscope is used to visualise the lacrimal sac through the nasal cavity. The bone covering the lacrimal sac is nibbled out. The medial wall of the sac is incised or excised, facilitating drainage of tears into the nasal cavity.