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An analog VU meter with peak LED. A volume unit (VU) meter or standard volume indicator (SVI) is a device displaying a representation of the signal level in audio equipment.. The original design was proposed in the 1940 IRE paper, A New Standard Volume Indicator and Reference Level, written by experts from CBS, NBC, and Bell Telephone Laboratories. [1]
Loudness monitoring of programme levels is needed in radio and television broadcasting, as well as in audio post production.Traditional methods of measuring signal levels, such as the peak programme meter and VU meter, do not give the subjectively valid measure of loudness that many would argue is needed to optimise the listening experience when changing channels or swapping disks.
In analogue systems, alignment level in broadcast chains is commonly 0 dBu (0.775 volts RMS) and in professional audio is commonly 0 VU (4 dBu, 1.228 volts RMS). Under normal situations, the 0 VU reference allows for a headroom of 18 dB or more above the reference level without significant distortion.
Broadcast engineers in North America usually line up their audio gear to nominal reference level of 0 dB on a VU meter aligned to +4 dBu or -20 dBFS, in Europe equating to roughly +4 dBm or -18 dBFS. Peak signal levels must not exceed the nominal level by more than +10 dB. [10]
Many times it is suggested that a VU meter is an average value meter, but that also is wrong. Please read the original paper from Chinn et.at. to understand this fact.-- Vmsa ( talk ) 01:22, 10 March 2018 (UTC) [ reply ]
This can be useful in many applications, but the human ear works much more like an average meter than a peak meter. The analog VU meters are actually closer to the human ear's perception of sound level because the response time was intentionally slow - around 300 milliseconds, [2] and thus, many audio engineers and sound professionals prefer to ...
What is déjà vu? In French, déjà vu literally means “previously viewed,” explains Dale Bredesen, M.D., neuroscience researcher and neurodegenerative disease expert in Novato, California ...
These were Type II PPMs with the seven marks labelled −22, −16, −12, −8, −4, 0 and +4. ABC found that a modified version of the EBU meter based on the VU-meter 'A scale' was best, since it let operators use their usual jargon such as 'zero level' etc. [19] The appearance is similar to an EBU scale except that the numbers are 8 dB lower.