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Anonychia is the failure to form fingernails or toenails. [ 1 ] It is an anomaly which may be the result of a congenital ectodermal defect, ichthyosis , severe infection, severe allergic contact dermatitis , self-inflicted trauma , Raynaud phenomenon , lichen planus , epidermolysis bullosa , or severe exfoliative diseases.
The nail is an unguis, meaning a keratin structure at the end of a digit. Other examples of ungues include the claw, hoof, and talon. The nails of primates and the hooves of running mammals evolved from the claws of earlier animals. [38] In contrast to nails, claws are typically curved ventrally (downwards in animals) and compressed sideways.
The lunula (pl.: lunulae; from Latin 'little moon') is the crescent-shaped whitish area of the bed of a fingernail or toenail. In humans, it appears by week 14 [1] of gestation, and has a primary structural role in defining the free edge of the distal nail plate (the part of the nail that grows outward).
Nail–patella syndrome is a genetic disorder that results in small, poorly developed nails and kneecaps, but can also affect many other areas of the body, such as the elbows, chest, and hips. The name "nail–patella" can be very misleading because the syndrome often affects many other areas of the body, including even the production of ...
The Hoffmann's reflex test itself involves loosely holding the middle finger and flicking the fingernail downward, allowing the middle finger to flick upward reflexively. A positive response is seen when there is flexion and adduction of the thumb on the same hand. [4] Eg. in hypertonia, the tips of other fingers flex and the thumb flexes and ...
Onychorrhexis also known as brittle nails, is brittleness with breakage of fingernails or toenails. Paronychia is a bacterial or fungal infection where the nail and skin meet. Koilonychia is when the nail curves upwards (becomes spoon-shaped) due to an iron deficiency. The normal process of change is: brittle nails, straight nails, spoon-shaped ...
It’s the stock answer that many a happy long-term couple has given prying friends and relatives to explain why they haven’t married: “We don’t need a piece of paper to prove our love.”
The palmaris is a popular source of tendon material for grafts and this has prompted studies which have shown the absence of the palmaris does not have any appreciable effect on grip strength. [ 61 ] The levator claviculae muscle in the posterior triangle of the neck is a supernumerary muscle present in only 2–3% of all people [ 62 ] but ...