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The "Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis" was the popular name for a French army mobilized in 1823 by the Bourbon King of France, Louis XVIII, to help the Spanish Bourbon royalists restore King Ferdinand VII of Spain to the absolute power of which he had been deprived during the Liberal Triennium. Despite the name, the actual number of troops ...
The French moved south to deal with the rebels at Cádiz, and besieged the fort of Trocadero, which controlled access to the city. On 31 August 1823 they launched a surprise bayonet attack from the sea side, taking advantage of the low tide, and took the fort. After this action, French infantry captured the Trocadero village by a flank attack.
The siege of Pamplona (French: siège de Pampelune, Spanish: asedio de Pamplona) took place in 1823 during the French invasion of Spain. The city of Pamplona in Navarre was besieged by the French Army and successfully taken. It was one of the more notable actions of the campaign along with the Battle of Trocadero.
April 7 - French troops enter Spain mostly unopposed [2] May 24 - French Troops take Madrid [2] August 31 - Spanish liberal revolutionaries suffer a major defeat against the French at the Battle of Trocadero [3] September 23 - Cadiz falls to the French, ending the liberal revolution and restoring Ferdinand VII to the throne [3]
30 September - Cádiz surrenders to the French and Ferdinand VII of Spain is restored to his throne as absolute monarch. 5 November - The "Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis" begin their withdrawal from Spain, although a French army of occupation remains in the country until 1828.
The invasion of Spain was decided by French King Louis XVIII and his government — especially after François-René de Chateaubriand took charge of foreign policy on December 28, 1822, with the goal of restoring France's status as a great military power [170] — with more or less explicit support or neutrality from the other powers of the ...
Umayyad conquest of Hispania (711–718), the conquest of modern-day Spain by the Muslim Umayyad Caliphate; Peninsular War (1807–1814), the invasion of Portugal by Spain and France, and later of Spain by France during the Napoleonic Wars; Louis XVIII's French invasion of Spain (1823), known in Spain as the Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis
Siege of Cádiz (1810–1812): the French Army is forced to lift the siege of the port by the combined forces of the Spanish, British and Portuguese during the Peninsular War. Siege of Cádiz (1823): the Spanish liberal forces in the port surrender to the French Army and the Spanish royalists during the French invasion of Spain in 1823.