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The effectiveness of all countermeasures is apparent. In 1915, when poison gas was relatively new, less than 3% of British gas casualties died. In 1916, the proportion of fatalities jumped to 17%. By 1918, the figure was back below 3%, though the total number of British gas casualties was now nine times the 1915 levels.
The chlorine gas, reacting with the moisture in their lungs, had formed hydrochloric acid, which was slowly dissolving their organs. The Germans fled from the second-line trench network in a mass panic and broke ranks with such haste they were entangled in their own barbed wire traps while under Russian attack, resulting in many casualties.
During the evening of 22 April 1915, German pioneers released chlorine gas from cylinders placed in trenches at the Ypres Salient.The gas drifted into the positions of the French 87th Territorial and the 45th Algerian divisions, which occupied the north side of the salient and caused many of the troops to run back from the cloud.
The Battle of Loos took place from 25 September to 8 October 1915 in France on the Western Front, during the First World War.It was the biggest British attack of 1915, the first time that the British used poison gas and the first mass engagement of New Army units.
The city, bombarded by artillery fire, was demolished. Although poison gas had been used on the Eastern Front, it surprised the Allies and about 7,000 gas casualties were transported in field ambulances and treated in casualty clearing stations. In May and June, 350 British deaths were recorded from gas poisoning. [28]
First mass use of poison gas by the German army. Around 100,000 casualties. Battle of Passchendaele (31 July – 10 November 1917) also known as the Third Battle of Ypres. Between 400,000 and 900,000 casualties. Battle of the Lys (7 – 29 April 1918) also known as the Fourth Battle of Ypres. Around 200,000 casualties.
The Imperial Russian Army reportedly suffered roughly 500,000 chemical weapon casualties in World War I. [147] Civilians were not deliberately targeted but nearby towns were at risk from winds blowing the poison gases through. Only the French took precautions to avoid such collateral damage.
Casualties and Medical Statistics published in 1931. [184] [185] was the final volume of the Official Medical History of the War, gives British Empire, including the Dominions, for Army losses by cause of death. Total war dead in combat theaters from 1914 to 1918 were 876,084, which included 418,361 killed, 167,172 died of wounds, 113,173 died ...