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When Heinrich XI, Prince Reuss of Greiz was appointed by Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor to rule the then-new Principality of Reuss-Greiz on 12 May 1778, the flag adopted by the Fürstentum Reuß-Greiz was the first-ever appearance of the black-red-gold tricolour in its modern arrangement in any sovereign state within what today comprises Germany ...
Due to the ban on Nazi swastika flag in modern Germany, many German Neo-Nazis instead adopted the Imperial Flag. However, the flag never originally had any racist or anti-Semitic meaning, despite its brief use in Nazi Germany. Among the right-wing the flag typically represents a rejection of the Federal Republic. [12] [13]
Merchant flag of German Reich variant with the Iron Cross: 1933–1935: Merchant flag of German Reich (Handelsflagge) A red field, with a white disc with a black swastika at a 45-degree angle. Disc and swastika are exactly in the centre. [citation needed] 1933–1935: Merchant flag of German Reich variant with the Iron Cross (Eisernes Kreuz ...
German, Prussian, and Austrian war ensigns, including those called "Reichskriegsflagge " The term Reichskriegsflagge (German: [ˈʁaɪçsˌkʁiːksflaɡə], lit. ' Imperial War Flag ') refers to several war flags and war ensigns used by the German armed forces in history. A total of eight different designs were used in 1848–1849 and between ...
Flag of the German Empire, originally designed in 1867 for the North German Confederation, it was adopted as the flag of Germany in 1871. This flag was used by opponents of the Weimar Republic who saw the black-red-yellow flag as a symbol of it. Recently it has been used by far-right nationalists in Germany. [citation needed]
War flag of Prussia (1816). The Black Cross (Schwarzes Kreuz) is the emblem used by the Prussian Army and Germany's army from 1871 to the present.It was designed on the occasion of the German Campaign of 1813, when Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia commissioned the Iron Cross as the first military decoration open to all ranks, including enlisted men.
World War I mobilization, 1 August 1914. Germany's population had already responded to the outbreak of war in 1914 with a complex mix of emotions, in a similar way to the populations of emotions in the United Kingdom; notions of universal enthusiasm known as the Spirit of 1914 have been challenged by more recent scholarship. [1]
German historian Hagen Schulze said the Treaty placed Germany "under legal sanctions, deprived of military power, economically ruined, and politically humiliated." [ 229 ] Belgian historian Laurence Van Ypersele emphasises the central role played by memory of the war and the Versailles Treaty in German politics in the 1920s and 1930s: