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Benzodiazepines are the most commonly used medication for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal and are generally safe and effective in suppressing symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. [33] This class of medication is generally effective in symptoms control, but needs to be used carefully.
Alcohol detoxification (also known as detox) is the abrupt cessation of alcohol intake in individuals that have alcohol use disorder. This process is often coupled with substitution of drugs that have effects similar to the effects of alcohol in order to lessen the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. When withdrawal does occur, it results in ...
Acamprosate, sold under the brand name Campral, is a medication which reduces alcoholism cravings. [1] [5] It is thought to stabilize chemical signaling in the brain that would otherwise be disrupted by alcohol withdrawal. [6]
Benzodiazepines have the largest and the best evidence base in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal and are considered the gold standard of alcohol detoxification. [27] Pharmacological treatments for alcohol addiction include drugs like naltrexone (opioid antagonist), disulfiram, acamprosate, and topiramate.
Chlordiazepoxide, sold under the brand name Librium among others, is a sedative and hypnotic medication of the benzodiazepine class. It is used to treat anxiety, insomnia and symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol, benzodiazepines, and other drugs. Chlordiazepoxide has a medium to long half-life, while its active metabolite has a very long half-life.
In those still on opioids, opioid withdrawal may occur. [8] Use is not recommended in people with liver failure. [8] It is unclear if use is safe during pregnancy. [8] [13] Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist and works by blocking the effects of opioids, including both opioid drugs as well as opioids naturally produced in the brain. [8]