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FMO3 is the primary enzyme in humans which catalyzes the N-oxidation of trimethylamine into trimethylamine N-oxide; [8] [10] FMO1 also does this, but to a much lesser extent than FMO3. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] Genetic deficiencies of the FMO3 enzyme cause primary trimethylaminuria , also known as "fish odor syndrome".
In biochemistry, isozymes (also known as isoenzymes or more generally as multiple forms of enzymes) are enzymes that differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same chemical reaction. Isozymes usually have different kinetic parameters (e.g. different K M values), or are regulated differently.
Polyphenol oxidase is an enzyme found throughout the plant and animal kingdoms, [31] including most fruits and vegetables. [32] PPO has importance to the food industry because it catalyzes enzymatic browning when tissue is damaged from bruising, compression or indentations, making the produce less marketable and causing economic loss.
Initially the enzyme binds weakly to a non-specific site on the DNA. It randomly walks along the molecule until the specific recognition site is found. [2] EcoRV has a high specificity for its target DNA sequence. Binding of the enzyme induces a conformational change in the DNA, bending it by about 50°.
Exonuclease III (ExoIII) is an enzyme that belongs to the exonuclease family. ExoIII catalyzes the stepwise removal of mononucleotides from 3´-hydroxyl termini of double-stranded DNA . [ 1 ] A limited number of nucleotides are removed during each binding event, resulting in coordinated progressive deletions within the population of DNA molecules .
These enzymes can also deamidate glutamine residues to glutamic acid residues in the presence of water [1] Gln-(C=O)NH 2 + H 2 O → Gln-COOH + NH 3. Transglutaminase isolated from Streptomyces mobaraensis-bacteria for example, is a calcium-independent enzyme. Mammalian transglutaminases among other transglutaminases require Ca 2+ ions as a ...
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors.