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Symptoms may include elevated body temperature, blurred vision, dilated pupils, sleepiness, confusion, seizures, rapid heart rate, and cardiac arrest. [1] If symptoms have not occurred within six hours of exposure they are unlikely to occur. [2] TCA overdose may occur by accident or purposefully in an attempt to cause death. [2]
The symptoms can range from mild to severe, and are potentially fatal. [4] [5] [2] Symptoms in mild cases include high blood pressure and a fast heart rate; usually without a fever. [2] Symptoms in moderate cases include high body temperature, agitation, increased reflexes, tremor, sweating, dilated pupils, and diarrhea.
Mydriasis is the dilation of the pupil, usually having a non-physiological cause, [3] or sometimes a physiological pupillary response. [4] Non-physiological causes of mydriasis include disease, trauma, or the use of certain types of drugs. It may also be of unknown cause.
The signs and symptoms of Serotonin Syndrome include: Agitation or restlessness. Insomnia. Dilated pupils. Loss of muscle coordination or twitching muscles. Muscle rigidity. Tremor. Heavy sweating ...
Constricted (left) and dilated (right) pupil of the same eye. The responses can have a variety of causes, from an involuntary reflex reaction to exposure or inexposure to light—in low light conditions a dilated pupil lets more light into the eye—or it may indicate interest in the subject of attention or arousal, sexual stimulation, [4 ...
Other causes can include aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency, [9] postencephalitic Parkinson's, Tourette's syndrome, multiple sclerosis, neurosyphilis, head trauma, bilateral thalamic infarction, lesions of the fourth ventricle, cystic glioma of the third ventricle, herpes encephalitis, kernicterus and juvenile Parkinson's disease.
Nerves involved in the resizing of the pupil connect to the pretectal nucleus of the high midbrain, bypassing the lateral geniculate nucleus and the primary visual cortex. From the pretectal nucleus neurons send axons to neurons of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus whose visceromotor axons run along both the left and right oculomotor nerves .
The symptoms of an opiate toxidrome include the classic triad of coma, pinpoint pupils and respiratory depression [3] as well as altered mental states, shock, pulmonary edema and unresponsiveness. Complications include bradycardia, hypotension and hypothermia. Substances that may cause this toxidrome are opioids.