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Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA, SGCA, or SGCT) is a low-grade astrocytic brain tumor (astrocytoma) that arises within the ventricles of the brain. [1] It is most commonly associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Although it is a low-grade tumor, its location can potentially obstruct the ventricles and lead to hydrocephalus.
Pilocytic astrocytoma; Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma; Subependymoma; Consist of slow-growing astrocytomas, benign, and associated with long-term survival. Individuals with very slow-growing tumors where complete surgical removal by stereotactic surgery is possible may experience total remission. [6]
The best way to distinguish it from a subependymal giant cell astrocytoma is the size. [2] Diagnosis. The diagnosis is based on tissue, e.g. a biopsy.
1.4.1 Pilocytic astrocytoma 1.4.2 High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features 1.4.3 Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma 1.4.4 Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma 1.4.5 Chordoid glioma 1.4.6 Astroblastoma, MN1-altered 1.5 Glioneuronal and neuronal tumours 1.5.1 Ganglioglioma 1.5.2 Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma / desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma
TSC in MRI. Three types of brain tumours are associated with TSC: [citation needed] Giant cell astrocytoma: (grows and blocks the cerebrospinal fluid flow, leading to dilatation of ventricles causing headache and vomiting) Cortical tubers: after which the disease is named; Subependymal nodules: form in the walls of ventricles
PXA as visualized on an MRI. PXA is diagnosed through a combination of diagnostic processes: Initially, a doctor will interview the patient and do a clinical exam, which will include a neurological examination. A CT scan of the brain, and/or an MRI scan of the brain and spine, will be performed. A special dye may be injected into a vein before ...
Pilocytic astrocytoma (and its variant pilomyxoid astrocytoma) is a brain tumor that occurs most commonly in children and young adults (in the first 20 years of life). They usually arise in the cerebellum, near the brainstem, in the hypothalamic region, or the optic chiasm, but they may occur in any area where astrocytes are present, including the cerebral hemispheres and the spinal cord.
A common form of a gemistocytic tumor, the gemistocytic astrocytes, consists of gemistocytes and giant cellular sarcoma. [4] Gemistocytic astrocytomas are considered a specific type of diffuse astrocytic tumor that can be characterized by gemistocytes, and they usually appear during acute injury; after that, they gradually shrink in size.
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