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Geodesy or geodetics [1] is the science of measuring and representing the geometry, gravity, and spatial orientation of the Earth in temporally varying 3D.It is called planetary geodesy when studying other astronomical bodies, such as planets or circumplanetary systems. [2]
Geomatics engineering is a rapidly developing engineering discipline which focuses on spatial information (i.e. information that has a location). [17] The location is the primary factor used to integrate a very wide range of data for spatial analysis and visualization.
Geotechnical engineering, also known as geotechnics, is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials. It uses the principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics to solve its engineering problems.
The World Geodetic System (WGS) is a standard used in cartography, geodesy, and satellite navigation including GPS. The current version, WGS 84 , defines an Earth-centered, Earth-fixed coordinate system and a geodetic datum , and also describes the associated Earth Gravitational Model (EGM) and World Magnetic Model (WMM).
A geodetic datum or geodetic system (also: geodetic reference datum, geodetic reference system, or geodetic reference frame, or terrestrial reference frame) is a global datum reference or reference frame for unambiguously representing the position of locations on Earth by means of either geodetic coordinates (and related vertical coordinates) or geocentric coordinates. [1]
The Department of Geodetic Engineering (DGE) offers undergraduate and graduate programs leading to the degree of geodetic engineering. The department was established in 1937 while its research and extension arm, Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry (TCAGP) was created in 1964. [28] The department offers the following programs:
One of the oldest examples of geological engineering principles is the Euphrates tunnel, which was constructed around 2180 B.C. – 2160 B.C... [6] This, and other tunnels and qanats from around the same time were used by ancient civilizations such as Babylon and Persia for the purposes of irrigation. [6]
Satellite geodetic data and methods can be applied to diverse fields such as navigation, hydrography, ... and also in structural engineering, in particular monitoring ...