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Micro-irrigation, sometimes called localized irrigation, low volume irrigation, or trickle irrigation is a system where water is distributed under low pressure through a piped network, in a pre-determined pattern, and applied as a small discharge to each plant or adjacent to it. Traditional drip irrigation use individual emitters, subsurface ...
A small center pivot system from beginning to end. Irrigation equipment can also be configured to move in a straight line, where it is termed a lateral move, linear move, wheel move or side-roll irrigation system. [11] [12] In these systems the water is supplied by an irrigation channel running the length of the field. The channel is positioned ...
Irrigation is the artificial exploitation and distribution of water at project level aiming at application of water at field level to agricultural crops [1] in dry areas or in periods of scarce rainfall to assure or improve crop production. [2] This article discusses organizational forms and means of management of irrigation water at project level.
Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) is a water management technique, practiced to cultivate irrigated lowland rice with much less water than the usual system of maintaining continuous standing water in the crop field. It is a method of controlled and intermittent irrigation.
Inf = Irr + Wel, where Irr = surface irrigation from the canal system, and Wel = the irrigation from wells; The field irrigation efficiency (Ff < 1) is: Ff = Era / Inf, where Era = the evapotranspiration of the crop (consumptive use) The value of Era is less than Inf, there is an excess of irrigation that percolates down to the subsoil (Per):
Keyline design is a landscaping technique of maximizing the beneficial use of the water resources of a tract of land. The "keyline" is a specific topographic feature related to the natural flow of water on the tract. Keyline design is a system of principles and techniques of developing rural and urban landscapes to optimize use of their water ...
Drip irrigation systems distribute water through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, and emitters. Depending on how well designed, installed, maintained, and operated it is, a drip irrigation system can be more efficient than other types of irrigation systems, such as surface irrigation or sprinkler irrigation.
In the 1950s, Stout-Wyss Irrigation System, a firm based in Portland, Oregon, developed a rolling pipe type irrigation system for farms that has become the most popular type for farmers irrigating large fields. With this system, large wheels attached to the large pipes with sprinkler heads move slowly across the field. [4]