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As it does not change at all, the Levi-Civita symbol is, by definition, a pseudotensor. As the Levi-Civita symbol is a pseudotensor, the result of taking a cross product is a pseudovector, not a vector. [5] Under a general coordinate change, the components of the permutation tensor are multiplied by the Jacobian of the transformation matrix ...
The Levi-Civita connection is named after Tullio Levi-Civita, although originally "discovered" by Elwin Bruno Christoffel.Levi-Civita, [1] along with Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro, used Christoffel's symbols [2] to define the notion of parallel transport and explore the relationship of parallel transport with the curvature, thus developing the modern notion of holonomy.
The Kronecker delta has the so-called sifting property that for : = =. and if the integers are viewed as a measure space, endowed with the counting measure, then this property coincides with the defining property of the Dirac delta function () = (), and in fact Dirac's delta was named after the Kronecker delta because of this analogous property ...
The last identity can be recognized as the defining relationship ... is the type (4,4) generalized Kronecker delta in 4 ... denotes the Levi-Civita symbol in n ...
In normal coordinates associated to the Levi-Civita connection of a Riemannian manifold, one can additionally arrange that the metric tensor is the Kronecker delta at the point p, and that the first partial derivatives of the metric at p vanish.
Replacing any index symbol throughout by another leaves the tensor equation unchanged (provided there is no conflict with other symbols already used). This can be useful when manipulating indices, such as using index notation to verify vector calculus identities or identities of the Kronecker delta and Levi-Civita symbol (see also below). An ...
Following the same steps as above, we can write = (′) (, ′) ′ = (′) (, ′) ′ where is the Kronecker delta (and the summation convention is again used). In place of the definition of the vector Laplacian used above, we now make use of an identity for the Levi-Civita symbol ε {\displaystyle \varepsilon } , ε α μ ρ ε α ν σ ...
This is the Levi-Civita connection on the tangent bundle TM of M. [2] [3] A local frame on the tangent bundle is an ordered list of vector fields e = (e i | i = 1, 2, ..., n), where n = dim M, defined on an open subset of M that are linearly independent at every point of their domain. The Christoffel symbols define the Levi-Civita connection by